Original research · April 2026

When Is Your Honey Actually Harvested?

A jar says “2024 harvest” — but from which week? Honey is a seasonal crop with surprisingly narrow windows. Acacia is a two-week flow in May. Tupelo is three weeks in April. Mānuka is a late-December-to-February sprint on the other side of the planet. We mapped 35 commercially meaningful varieties across both hemispheres to show when each one is actually supered, extracted, and jarred.

Based on FAO agribusiness handbooks, US university extension services (UF IFAS, OSU, Cornell), Persano Oddo & Piro (2004), Somerville's Honey and Pollen Flora of South-Eastern Australia, the NZ Ministry for Primary Industries, and the Spanish apicultural association ASEMIEL. Full source list and per-variety method: /learn/methodology. Published · ~7 min read.

35
Varieties mapped
northern + southern hemispheres
Jul
Busiest harvest month
9 varieties at peak
5
In season right now
as of Apr
2 weeks
Shortest bloom
acacia — 10 to 14 days
In season now — Apr

5 honey varieties are currently in bloom or being extracted

Bees are working these flowers right now, somewhere in the world. Varieties at their peak month are marked with a star — buy these when the next year's crop ships.

Rosemary
★ peak
Spain, SE France

First major Mediterranean flow of the year.

Florida, California, Spain
★ peak
Florida, Georgia

Three-week window on the Apalachicola River.

Avocado
California, Mexico, Israel
Sage (black/white)
Southern California
Finding 1 — the full calendar

Every major variety, one row each, plotted across the year

Each filled bar is the typical bloom window; the white dot is the peak month. Northern hemisphere varieties cluster between May and September. Southern hemisphere varieties cluster between November and February. There are only a handful of true year-round honeys — and nearly all of them are eucalyptus, because Australia is the only continent where eucalyptus species bloom in sequence across all four seasons.

JanFebMarAprNOWMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecBlue GumKānukaRedgumKarriLeatherwoodOrange BlossomRosemaryTupeloAcaciaAvocadoBlueberrySage (black/white)MesquiteAnzerChestnutCloverCranberryLavenderLinden / BasswoodSourwoodThymeWildflowerBuckwheatFireweedHeather (ling)GoldenrodPine honeydewIronbarkArgentinian eucalyptMallee eucalyptRewarewaSidr (Ziziphus)JarrahMānukaYellow BoxCalendar month · filled bar = typical bloom window · circle = peak flow
Finding 2 — the two summers

There is no global “honey season” — there are two, half a year apart

Plot every variety on a 12-month clock and the two summers become obvious. Northern varieties stack at the top, peaking May through September. Southern varieties stack at the bottom, peaking November through February. This is why a mānuka jar marked “2025 harvest” was actually produced in late 2024, and why U.S. clover jars dated “2024” were extracted in mid-2024.

Peak northern month: July — clover, sourwood, chestnut, lavender, thyme, linden, cranberry all peak within a 3-week window.
Peak southern month: December — mānuka, yellow box, jarrah, and blue gum all peak as NZ and Australia hit midsummer.
Quietest month: February in the northern hemisphere — effectively no major varieties are in flower between Yemeni Sidr (ends Nov) and Spanish rosemary (starts March).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecRosemary — peak Apr (Spain, SE France)Orange Blossom — peak Apr (Florida, California, Spain)Tupelo — peak Apr (Florida, Georgia)Avocado — peak May (California, Mexico, Israel)Sage (black/white) — peak May (Southern California)Acacia — peak May (Hungary, Romania, Italy)Blueberry — peak May (Maine, Michigan, BC)Mesquite — peak Jun (AZ, NM, TX, N. Mexico)Lavender — peak Jul (Provence, Spain)Chestnut — peak Jul (Italy, France, Turkey)Linden / Basswood — peak Jul (Central EU, Upper Midwest)Cranberry — peak Jul (Massachusetts, Wisconsin)Clover — peak Jul (US Midwest, Canada Prairies)Thyme — peak Jul (Greece, Crete)Wildflower — peak Jul (Everywhere with meadows)Sourwood — peak Jul (Southern Appalachians)Anzer — peak Jul (Anzer plateau, NE Turkey)Fireweed — peak Aug (Alaska, BC, NW Canada)Buckwheat — peak Aug (NY, PA, Québec)Heather (ling) — peak Aug (UK moors, Iberian sierras)Pine honeydew — peak Sep (Turkey, Greece)Goldenrod — peak Sep (NE US, E. Canada)Sidr (Ziziphus) — peak Nov (Yemen, Oman)Ironbark — peak Oct (E. Australia)Mallee eucalypt — peak Nov (Inland SE Australia)Rewarewa — peak Nov (North Island, NZ)Argentinian eucalypt — peak Nov (Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos)Yellow Box — peak Dec (SE Australia)Jarrah — peak Dec (SW Western Australia)Mānuka — peak Dec (North/South Island, NZ)Kānuka — peak Jan (New Zealand)Redgum — peak Jan (E. Australia)Blue Gum — peak Jan (Tasmania, SE Australia)Leatherwood — peak Feb (W. Tasmania)Karri — peak Feb (SW Western Australia)THE BLOOMYEAR
Northern hemisphere (outer ring) Southern hemisphere (inner ring)
Finding 3 — month by month

What's peaking in every month of the year

Each card lists varieties whose peak flow lands in that month. Use this as a buying reference: freshness is at its highest 1–6 months after peak, then declines (slowly) from there.

Jan
3 peaks
  • Kānuka · New Zealand
  • Redgum · E. Australia
  • Blue Gum · Tasmania, SE Australia
Feb
2 peaks
  • Leatherwood · W. Tasmania
  • Karri · SW Western Australia
Mar
0 peaks

No major variety peaks this month.

Apr
3 peaks
★ You are here
May
4 peaks
  • Avocado · California, Mexico, Israel
  • Sage (black/white) · Southern California
  • Acacia · Hungary, Romania, Italy
  • Blueberry · Maine, Michigan, BC
Jun
1 peak
  • Mesquite · AZ, NM, TX, N. Mexico
Jul
9 peaks
  • Lavender · Provence, Spain
  • Chestnut · Italy, France, Turkey
  • Linden / Basswood · Central EU, Upper Midwest
  • Cranberry · Massachusetts, Wisconsin
  • Clover · US Midwest, Canada Prairies
  • Thyme · Greece, Crete
  • Wildflower · Everywhere with meadows
  • Sourwood · Southern Appalachians
  • Anzer · Anzer plateau, NE Turkey
Aug
3 peaks
Sep
2 peaks
  • Pine honeydew · Turkey, Greece
  • Goldenrod · NE US, E. Canada
Oct
1 peak
  • Ironbark · E. Australia
Nov
4 peaks
  • Sidr (Ziziphus) · Yemen, Oman
  • Mallee eucalypt · Inland SE Australia
  • Rewarewa · North Island, NZ
  • Argentinian eucalypt · Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos
Dec
3 peaks
  • Yellow Box · SE Australia
  • Jarrah · SW Western Australia
  • Mānuka · North/South Island, NZ
Practical rules

How to read a honey label once you know the calendar

1 · Match harvest year to hemisphere

A “2025 harvest” NZ mānuka was actually produced in Dec 2024 – Feb 2025.

Southern hemisphere jars labeled with a calendar year usually refer to the ending year of a season that began the previous December. Northern jars are simpler — the year matches the extraction.

2 · Buy within 6 months of peak

Enzyme activity is highest in the first year.

Raw honey is shelf-stable for decades — but diastase, glucose oxidase, and volatile aromatics all decline linearly from the day of extraction. For max flavor, match your jar to the freshest window.

3 · Be suspicious of “always in stock” unifloral

Most true monoflorals have 3–6 week flows.

If a seller offers fresh acacia, sourwood, tupelo, or sidr honey year-round without batch numbers or harvest dates, odds are they are blending across years or adulterating. See our Yemeni Sidr authentication guide.

4 · Plan farmers-market trips around the flow

Most small beekeepers extract once a season.

US buyers: expect fresh clover in late July, sourwood in late August, goldenrod in October. European buyers: acacia in June, lavender in late July, heather in September. Ask the beekeeper what they pulled last weekend — they'll tell you, and usually hand you a taste.

“Raw” and “unfiltered” are processing claims. “Harvested 2024” is a freshness claim.

A honey can be raw, unfiltered, and still four years old. Ask for extraction dates — reputable beekeepers will happily tell you which week and which super it came from. Supermarket blends almost never disclose this.

Keep going

Two more data stories built from the same 210-jar catalog.

Methodology & caveats

  • Bloom windows shown are typical onset-to-end ranges at the region specified. Individual years vary by ±2 weeks based on temperature, rainfall, and frost timing. 2023 European acacia, for example, was roughly 10 days late across France, Italy, and Hungary due to a cold April.
  • “Peak” is the single month when the greatest share of that variety's honey is typically extracted, not the first flower open. For short-flow varieties (acacia, tupelo, mānuka) peak and bloom are effectively the same.
  • Southern hemisphere varieties whose windows cross Dec 31 are shown as two segments in the chart, which is visually accurate but slightly misleading — the actual flow is continuous across year-end.
  • We excluded varieties with highly regionally variable windows (e.g. generic “eucalyptus” in the northern hemisphere, which ranges from Spanish winter to Portuguese summer depending on species). Specific eucalypts appear under their own rows.
  • Primary sources: FAO Agribusiness Handbooks (2019), Crane (1999) The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting, Somerville (2010) Honey and Pollen Flora of South-Eastern Australia, NZ Ministry for Primary Industries (2022), University of Florida IFAS Extension, Oregon State University Extension, Persano Oddo & Piro (2004), ASEMIEL (Spain), Al-Ghamdi (2013). Raw catalog data at /open-data.
RHG

Raw Honey Guide Editorial Team

Reviewed by certified beekeepers and apiculture specialists. Our editorial team consults with professional beekeepers, food scientists, and registered dietitians to ensure accuracy. Health claims are cited against peer-reviewed literature from Cochrane, JAFC, BMJ, and Nutrients.

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Frequently asked questions

When is most honey actually harvested in the United States?+
The bulk of US honey extraction happens between late June and early September, anchored by the massive clover bloom in the Upper Midwest and Northern Plains. Southern states start earlier — Florida orange blossom and tupelo are typically supered in March–April, and the Appalachian sourwood flow peaks in mid-July. A second smaller extraction round happens in September–October for goldenrod and late wildflower honeys in the Northeast.
How long does a honey bloom actually last?+
Shorter than most people expect. Acacia honey comes from a 10–14 day window in late May. Tupelo is a three-week flow in Florida. Mānuka is 2–6 weeks. Leatherwood is about 8 weeks. Only wildflower, clover, and eucalyptus honeys have bloom windows longer than two months. Real unifloral honey is literally a product of being there in the right week.
Why is New Zealand mānuka honey harvested in December and January?+
Because New Zealand is in the southern hemisphere, where December–February is summer. Leptospermum scoparium (mānuka) flowers during southern high summer; most extraction happens between late December and early February. This is also why mānuka honey dated "2024 harvest" on a label really means December 2023 to February 2024.
When is the best time to buy fresh raw honey?+
Buy within 6 months of the variety's harvest window. For US clover, that means September onward through the following spring. For Florida orange blossom, late April through October. For mānuka, April–August (after the southern summer harvest finishes and jars ship). Raw honey keeps well for years, but enzyme activity and volatile aromatics are at their highest within the first year.
Can honey be harvested year-round?+
Not meaningfully, from any single hive. Bees need to accumulate reserves before a beekeeper can extract. In the US, most commercial beekeepers extract 1–3 times per year, timed to major monofloral flows. The year-round supply on supermarket shelves comes from global blending and from varieties with long bloom seasons like eucalyptus in Spain/Australia.
What's the rarest harvest window in the world?+
Yemeni Sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi) — a single 3–4 week bloom in October–November that only produces well in a handful of Wadi Doan valleys. Tasmanian leatherwood is close behind, with an 8-week January–March window restricted to a small Gondwana rainforest fragment. Anzer honey from northeastern Turkey is produced from a single ~40 km² plateau above 2,000 m altitude during July.
Why does hemisphere matter so much for honey dating?+
Because "2024 harvest" on a northern hemisphere jar (e.g. US clover) usually means June–September 2024, while "2024 harvest" on a southern hemisphere jar (mānuka, leatherwood, Argentinian eucalyptus) usually means the southern-summer season that started in late 2023. A jar dated "2024" from NZ and a jar dated "2024" from Wisconsin can be six months apart in actual production.